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SLL Lighting Handbook (2018)
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SLL Lighting Handbook (2018)

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The first edition of the SLL Lighting Handbook was produced in 2009 to celebrate the centenary of the Society of Light and Lighting. It was well received by our members and the wider international lighting community and so it was decided to create an expanded edition to build on its success.


Where the first edition consisted of twenty-three chapters, this edition has thirty-four, plus four appendices, making it some 50% bigger. The old chapters on light and on vision have been removed, as it was felt they would sit better amongst the fundamentals of lighting covered in the SLL Code for Lighting, which is also being revised.


This new edition has its chapters grouped in three sections. The first covers various design aspects of lighting, the second covers important areas of lighting technology and the third a big section covering specific applications in the field of interior and exterior lighting. With this range it is hoped that the Handbook will guide the reader from initial design decisions, through selection of appropriate technical solutions, and then on to detail design and finally commissioning and handover of a successful lighting scheme.


Corrections:

A Corrigenda was issued in March 2019 making corrections to the following pages:

Contents list page xiii (Chapter 12 title corrected to 'Offices' and page 344, Table 26.5 amended to correctly align with BS EN 13201-2:2015. The Corrigenda itself can be downloaded here. These corrections are incorporated in the pdf that can be downloaded using the button above.


Purchasers of the hard copy will receive this with the book and it will be incorporated in a reprint at the earliest opportunity. The pdf of the Guide downloadable using the button above will be corrected with these changes and clearly identified as such.


Contents:

PART 1: FUNDAMENTALS


Chapter 1: Lighting design process

1.1 Objectives

1.2 People

1.3 Issues

1.4 Constraints

1.5 Process

References


Chapter 2: Daylighting

2.1 The benefits of daylight

2.2 The need to control daylight

2.3 Shading

2.4 Assessment of daylight quantity

2.5 Daylighting solutions

2.6 Maintenance considerations

2.7 Conclusion

2.8 Further reading

References


Chapter 3: Emergency lighting

3.1 Legislation and standards

3.2 Types of emergency lighting

3.3 Design approaches

3.4 Emergency lighting equipment

3.5 Scheme planning

3.6 Installation, testing and maintenance

References


Chapter 4: Design ethos

4.1 The CIBSE Code of Conduct

4.2 Professional standards and the Bribery Act

4.3 Professional standards and tendering procedures

4.4 The use of, responsibilities for, and assessing of ‘equal and approved’ products

4.5 Sustainability

References


Chapter 5: Coordination with other services

5.1 Hierarchy of services in ceiling voids

5.2 Coordinating the ceiling void

5.3 Integration with air conditioning systems

References


PART 2: TECHNOLOGY


Chapter 6: Light sources

6.1 Electric lamp characteristics

6.2 Electric light

6.3 Gas lighting

6.4 Production of radiation

6.5 Daylight

References


Chapter 7: Control gear

7.1 Control gear terminology

7.2 Transformers for low voltage Incandescent lamps

7.3 Electronic control gear for high frequency fluorescent light sources

7.4 Control gear for discharge lamps

7.5 Control gear for LED/OLED light sources

7.6 Control gear for emergency lighting applications

7.7 Control gear for circadian lighting luminaires

7.8 Inrush current

References


Chapter 8: Luminaires

8.1 Interior luminaire types

8.2 Exterior luminaire types

8.3 Certification and classification

References


Chapter 9: Power to lighting systems

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Design process

9.3 Final circuit distribution

9.4 Conventional cabling systems

9.5 Modular cabling systems

9.6 Connection methods

9.7 Distributed power and control systems

9.8 Direct current power supplies

9.9 Power over Ethernet (PoE)

References


Chapter 10: Controls

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Common terminology

10.3 Application examples

10.4 Dimming and regulation

10.5 Basis of lighting control design

10.6 Lighting control for visual effects

10.7 Control of circadian lighting

10.8 Lighting control for energy efficiency

10.9 Automatic testing and monitoring of emergency lighting

10.10 Commissioning and handover

References


PART 3: APPLICATIONS


Chapter 11: Common building areas

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Entrance halls

11.3 Reception desk

11.4 Atria

11.5 Corridors

11.6 Waiting areas

11.7 Ramps

11.8 Lift lobbies

11.9 Staircases

11.10 Emergency lighting of staircases

11.11 Escalators

11.12 Toilets

11.13 Staff changing rooms

11.14 Staff showers

11.15 Tea points and refreshment areas

11.16 Sick bay/first aid room

11.17 Cleaners’ rooms

11.18 Store rooms

11.19 Loading bays

11.20 Plant rooms, electrical risers and service spaces

References


Chapter 12: Retail lighting

12.1 Functions of lighting in offices

12.2 Factors to be considered

12.3 Lighting recommendations

12.4 Approaches to office lighting

References


Chapter 13: Industrial premises

13.1 Functions of lighting in industrial premises

13.2 Factors to be considered

13.3 Lighting recommendations

13.4 Approaches to industrial lighting

References


Chapter 14: Educational premises

14.1 Functions of lighting for educational premises

14.2 Factors to be considered

14.3 Lighting recommendations

14.4 Approaches to lighting educational premises

References


Chapter 15: Retail premises

15.1 Functions of lighting in retail premises

15.2 Factors to be considered

15.3 Lighting recommendations

15.4 Approaches to retail lighting

Reference


Chapter 16: Museums and art galleries

16.1 Functions of lighting in museums and art galleries

16.2 Factors to be considered

16.3 Lighting approaches for museums and art galleries

References


Chapter 17: Hospitals and healthcare buildings

17.1 Functions of lighting in hospitals and healthcare facilities

17.2 Factors to be considered

17.3 Approaches for the lighting of different areas in hospitals

References


Chapter 18: Places of worship

8.1 Functions of lighting in places of worship

18.2 Factors to be considered

18.3 Lighting recommendations

18.4 Approaches to lighting for places of worship

References


Chapter 19: Communal residential buildings

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Factors to be considered

19.3 Lighting recommendations

19.4 General aspects of lighting in communal residential buildings

19.5 Nursing and care homes

References


Chapter 20: Places of entertainment

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Principles of lighting

20.3 Lighting design: interior

20.4 Lighting design: exterior

20.5 Emergency lighting

20.6 Specific types of premises

References


Chapter 21: Courts and custodial buildings

21.1 Courts

21.2 Custodial lighting

References


Chapter 22: Courts and custodial buildings

22.1 Introduction

22.2 Identification of tasks

22.3 Design priorities and strategies

22.4 Accessible design considerations

22.5 Access, installation and maintenance

22.6 Risk assessment and emergency lighting

22.7 Typical transport building areas

22.8 Specific lighting requirements by transport mode

References


Chapter 23: Extreme environments

23.1 Introduction

23.2 Environments

23.3 Emergency lighting

23.4 Remote lighting techniques

23.5 Lamp performance charts

References


Chapter 24: Exterior workplaces

24.2 Factors to be considered

24.3 Lighting recommendations

24.4 Approaches to exterior workplace lighting

References


Chapter 25: Exterior architectural lighting

25.1 Overview: key aspects

25.2 Context

25.3 Colour and materials

25.4 Contrast

25.5 Control

25.6 Global applications

25.7 People

25.8 Type of luminaire

25.9 Type of application

References


Chapter 26: Roads and urban spaces

26.1 Traffic routes

26.2 Conflict areas

26.3 Pedestrian crossings

26.4 Coordination

26.5 Areas adjacent to the carriageway, residential or minor roads or pedestrian streets

26.6 Road lighting design

26.7 Lighting for urban centres and public amenity areas

26.8 Tunnel lighting

26.9 Lighting controls

26.10 Smart cities

References


Chapter 27: Security lighting

27.1 Functions of security lighting

27.2 Factors to be considered

27.3 Lighting recommendations

27.4 Approaches to security lighting

27.5 Lighting equipment

References


Chapter 28: Sports

28.1 Functions of lighting for sports

28.2 Factors to be considered

28.3 Lighting recommendations

28.4 Lighting in large facilities


Chapter 29: Historic buildings and spaces

29.1 Historic building being converted to a new use

29.2 Re-use of historic buildings and interiors

29.3 Historic Building preserved ‘as is’

29.4 Historic or sensitive exterior spaces

Reference


Chapter 30: Commissioning of lighting installations

30.1 Context

30.2 Forming a commissioning management team

30.3 Pre-commissioning checks

30.4 Functional commissioning

30.5 Lighting installation handover

30.6 Post-completion checks and adjustments

References


Chapter 31: Performance verification

31.1 The need for performance verification

31.2 Competency of those undertaking measurements

31.3 Preparing for the survey

31.4 Instrumentation

31.5 Methods of measurement

31.6 Measurement of illuminance variation

31.7 Luminance measurements

31.8 Measurement of reflectance

References


Chapter 32: Maintenance

32.1 The need for lighting maintenance for both traditional and LED light sources

32.2 Maintained illuminance

32.3 Determination of maintenance factor for interior lighting

32.4 Cleaning luminaires

32.5 Room surface cleaning

32.6 Determination of maintenance factor for exterior lighting

References


Appendix 1: Reflectance and colour

Appendix 2: Circadian lighting

Appendix 3: Building Regulations and environmental labelling schemes

Appendix 4: Glossary of terms


References


Index


Acknowledgements

Chapter authors and principal contributors

Lou Bedocs (Thorn Lighting); Richard Beesley (Chief Technology Officer, Mackwell); Nicholas Bukorović (Head of M&E Engineering, FBW Group); Benedict Cadbury (Lampholder Lighting Design); Richard Caple (Thorlux Lighting); Gerard Harbers (Xicato); Dan Hodgson (Lighting Applications Director, ACDC); David Holmes (Consultant); Andy Hughes (Senior Manager, Zumtobel Group); Reinhard Lecheler (Senior Director‚ R&D Lighting Electronics, Osram GmbH); Paul Littlefair (BRE); Iain Macrae (Consultant); Dominic Mayrick (Partner, Hoare Lea); Keith Miller (Director, GIA Equation); Nigel Monaghan (Chief Lighting Engineer, ASD Lighting); Sophie Parry (Key Account Manager, Zumtobel Group); Simon Robinson (Technical Director, WSP); Paul Ruffles (Lighting Design & Technology); Jonathan Rush (Partner, Hoare Lea); Iain Ruxton (Design Associate, Spiers and Major); Mike Simpson (Design Lead — Lighting Design, Philips Lighting); Peter Thorns (Thorn Lighting Ltd.); Cosmin Ticleanu (BRE); Alan Tulla (Alan Tulla Lighting); Ruth Kelly Waskett (Principal Daylight Designer, Hoare Lea)


Contributors and reviewers

Pavlina Akritas (Associate, Arup); Panos Andrikopoulos (Senior Lighting Scientist, ACT Lighting Design); John Aston (Consultant); Michael Attard (Managing Director, Ridi Lighting); Lawrence Barling (Senior technical manager, Lighting Industry Association); Harry Barnitt (whilst with Sill Lighting); Andrew Bissell (Director, Light4); Tim Bowes (Whitecroft Lighting); David Burton (Principal Engineering Leader — Building services, Rail for London); Iain Carlile (Associate, dpa lighting consultants); Arfon Davies (Director, Arup); Densel Davy (Nottinghamshire County Council); Jason Ford (Technical Manager, Osram Ltd.); Steve Fotios (Professor of Lighting and Visual Perception, University of Sheffield); Allan Howard (WSP); Kevin Kelly (Emeritus Researcher, Technological University Dublin); Fabien Le Dem (Arup); Peter Le Manquais (WILA Lighting Ltd.); Mark Lissauer (Projects Director, Franklite Ltd.); Helen Loomes (Business Development Director, TRILUX Lighting); Nick MacLiammoir (Arup); David Mooney (Associate, Atkins); Saba Napoletano (Marketing Services Manager, iGuzzini Middle East); Rachael Nicholls (Senior Designer, dpa lighting consultants); Walter Parmiani (Principal engineer for international standards, UL International Ltd.); Liz Peck (LPA Lighting); Peter Phillipson (Principal, Future Group Lighting Design); Tony Price (Vanguardia Ltd.); Roger Sexton (VP Specifier Service, Xicato); Jeff Shaw (Associate Director, Arup); Jim Shove (Fagerhult); Mike Smith (Director, BSRIA); Manny Stone (MID Lighting); Chris Tiernan (ERCO Lighting); Karen van Creveld (Karen van Creveld Lighting Design); Mark Sutton Vane (Director, Sutton Vane Associates); Chris Watts (Safety Consultant); Barrie Wilde (Lighting Designer, The Light Studio)


Other acknowledgements

The Society gratefully acknowledges any contributors that have been inadvertently omitted from the above lists and the many individuals and organisations that have provided photographs and/or permission to reproduce photographs

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