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Guide D (archived): Transportation systems in buildings (pdf) (2015)
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Guide D (archived): Transportation systems in buildings (pdf) (2015)

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This edition of Guide D has been superseded by Guide D: Transportation systems in buildings (2020). This edition is made available for reference purposes only, and should not be used on current projects.





Contents:


1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose of Guide D

1.2 Recent developments

1.3 Contents of Guide D

1.4 Other sources of information

References


2 Interior circulation

2.1 General

2.2 Symbols and definitions

2.3 Signing convention

2.4 Human factors

2.5 Circulation elements

2.6 Circulation in particular types of buildings

2.7 Location and arrangement of transportation facilities

2.8 Facilities for persons with disabilities

2.9 Pedestrian movement modelling

References


3 Fundamental traffic planning and selection of equipment

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Symbols

3.3 Definitions

3.4 Signing convention

3.5 Traffic patterns

3.6 Four important equations

3.7 Quality of services: the handling capacity of a lift installation

3.8 Sizing of office lift installations

3.9 Worked example of design calculations

3.10 Frequently asked questions in the evaluation of rtt

3.11 Passenger times during uppeak traffic demand

3.12 Traffic conditions other than uppeak

3.13 Selection of equipment with respect to lift function

3.14 Equipment selection with respect to building form

3.15 Equipment selection with respect to building function

3.16 Review of all traffic conditions

3.17 Finally

References

Appendix 3.A1: Table of values of H and S

Appendix 3.A2: Use of spreadsheets for calculation


4 Advanced planning techniques and computer programs

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Advance round trip time calculations

4.3 Simulation

4.4 Describing traffic

4.5 Measuring traffic

4.6 Theoretical simulation templates

4.7 Simulation templates derived from traffic surveys

4.8 Other considerations

4.9 Uppeak design example

4.10 Simulation applied to modernisation

4.11 Comparing simulation with round trip time calculation results

4.12 Traffic analysis and simulation software

4.13 Epilogue

References

Appendix 4.A1: Symbols and formulae


5 Types of transportation systems

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Passenger lifts

5.3 Goods passenger lifts

5.4 Goods only lifts

5.5 Observation lifts

5.6 Service lifts

5.7 Motor vehicle lifts

5.8 Rack and pinion lifts

5.9 Lifts for other purposes

5.10 Future concepts

References

Appendix 5.A1: Car, well, headroom, pit and machine room sizes


6 Firefighting lifts and evacuation lifts for people with disabilities

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Need for firefighting lifts

6.3 Design considerations for firefighting lifts

6.4 Testing and maintenance of firefighting lifts

6.5 Evacuation lifts for persons with limited mobility

6.6 Design considerations for evacuation lifts

6.7 Using lifts for general evacuation

References


7 Lift components and installation

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Electric traction drives

7.3 Hydraulic drives

7.4 Controller cabinet

7.5 Guide rails

7.6 Counterweight

7.7 Lift car

7.8 Door operators

7.9 Door configurations

7.10 Overspeed governors

7.11 Safety gear

7.12 Buffers

7.13 Uncontrolled upward movement device

7.14 Suspension systems

7.15 Roping systems

7.16 Car and landing features and inspection controls

7.17 Guarding

References


8 Lift drives and controls

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Lift controllers

8.3 Controller technology

8.4 Control of lift drives

8.5 dc motor control technologies

8.6 ac motor control technologies

8.7 Harmonic-related issues

8.8 Energy saving considerations

8.9 Passenger evacuation: mains power failure

8.10 Unintended car movement (ucm)

8.11 Control of hydraulic drives

8.12 Control of door operators

8.13 Electromagnetic compatibility, environment and reliability

References


9 Lift traffic control

9.1 The need for lift traffic control

9.2 Single lift traffic control

9.3 Purpose of group traffic control

9.4 Types of traffic control algorithms

9.5 Advanced group traffic controller features

9.6 Other features of group traffic control systems

9.7 The effect of the traffic control algorithm on traffic design

9.8 Design case study

9.9 Installation case study

9.10 Improvement verification case study

References


10 Escalators and moving walks

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Definitions, commonly available equipment and duty

10.3 Principal components

10.4 Installation planning

10.5 Drive systems, energy usage and safety devices

10.6 Modernising escalators and moving walks

10.7 Testing and commissioning

10.8 Operating escalators and moving walks

10.9 Actions after an accident involving an escalator or moving walk

10.10 Escalators and moving walks and LOLER

References


11 Transport facilities for people with disabilities

11.1 Access for everyone

11.2 Disability or impairment?

11.3 Summary of the Equality Act 2010

11.4 Building Regulations Approved Document M

11.5 Equipment selection to meet user needs

11.6 Environmental considerations

11.7 Equipment provision

11.8 Escalators and passenger conveyors

11.9 Egress for persons with disabilities

11.10 Selection of lifting devices

References

Appendix 11.A1: Summary of the principal requirements of BS EN 81-70


12 Electrical systems and environmental conditions

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Electrical power supplies for lifts

12.3 Lift power factor correction

12.4 Protection of supplies

12.5 Standby power

12.6 Secondary power supplies for firefighting and evacuation lifts

12.7 Isolating switches, lighting and socket outlets

12.8 Electromagnetic compatibility and harmonic distortion

12.9 Cabling and wiring

12.10 Machinery space environment

12.11 Lift well environment

12.12 Lift car environment

12.13 Human comfort considerations

12.14 Environment for maintenance

12.15 Lightning protection

References

Appendix 12.A1: Schedules for electrical systems requirements


13 Energy consumption of lifts, escalators and moving walks

13.1 Energy consumption and energy efficiency

13.2 Symbols

13.3 Signing convention

13.4 Energy consumption of lifts

13.5 Energy consumption of escalators and moving walks

13.6 Classification according to ISO

13.7 Conclusions

References

Appendix 13.A1: Example format for calculation spreadsheet


14 Lift emergency alarms, data logging, monitoring and traffic surveys

14.1 Reason for remote alarms and remote monitoring

14.2 Remote lift alarms

14.3 Lift monitoring

14.4 Traffic surveys

14.5 Escalators and moving walks

References


15 Commissioning, preventative maintenance, thorough examination and testing of lifts, escalators and moving walks

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Commissioning

15.3 Preventative maintenance

15.4 Thorough examination and tests

15.5 Documentation

References


16 Upgrading of safety, performance and equipment for existing lifts

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Relevant legislation, standards and codes of practice

16.3 Undertaking modifications to existing lift installations

16.4 Important considerations when undertaking modifications to existing lifts

16.5 Step-by-step approach to improving the safety of existing lifts

16.6 Summary of modifications undertaken to existing lifts

16.7 Tests and records

References


17 European Directives, legislation, standards and codes of practice

17.1 Important note

17.2 European Directives

17.3 Acts of Parliament

17.4 Regulations

17.5 Standards and codes of practice

References


18 Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015

18.1 Background

18.2 Where to obtain information

18.3 The CDM Regulations

18.4 Guidance to CDM 2015


Appendices

Appendix A1: Glossary of terms

Appendix A2: Lift kinematics

Appendix A3: Legislation, standards etc. related to lifts, escalators and moving walks


 

Principal authors and contributors: John Bashford (J Bashford & Associates) (Chairman), Dr Lutfi Al-Sharif (Al-Sharif-VTC Ltd.), Dr Gina Barney (Gina Barney Associates), John Carroll (Norman, Disney & Young), David Cooper (LECS (UK) Ltd.), Greg Gnyp (Terry Group Ltd.), Kelvin Goodacre (Terry Group Ltd.), Lionel Hutt (Lester Controls Systems Ltd.), John Inglis (Amron Resources), Ian Jones (Otis Ltd.), Nick Mellor (Lift and Escalator Industry Association), Dr Richard Peters (Peters Research Ltd.), Derek Smith (D2E International VT Consultancy Ltd.), Michael Turner (Lester Controls Systems Ltd.)

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